Final · 4 setsFri, Sep 4, 2026

AwayBIG-TEN

3:1

HomeSEC

Washington def. Oklahoma 3–1

(25-18, 19-25, 25-16, 26-24)

Set	1	2	3	4	Sets
WASH	25	19	25	26	3
OKLA	18	25	16	24	1

RallyIQ model

Win probability

OKLA above 50 · WASH below

Biggest swing: 12.2% to Washington — set 4, WASH 24-24 OKLA. Kill by Kylie Kleckner (set by Andrea Fabikovicova). OKLA win probability 34% → 21%.

Before first serve

Pre-match

WASH 67.6%32.4% OKLA

Washington wins

3-0

21.7%

3-1

26.0%

3-2

20.0%

Oklahoma wins

3-0

6.4%

3-1

11.5%

3-2

14.5%

WASH break %: 40.5% vs this opp
OKLA break %: 37.1% vs this opp

Exact Markov model on each team's RallyIQ serve and receive strength, adjusted for schedule and applied to this matchup (D1 average break % 42.7%). Ratings use the whole season, including this match. Gold = actual result.

Largest win-probability swings

Top plays

01
Kylie KlecknerKill+12.2%
Kill by Kylie Kleckner (set by Andrea Fabikovicova)
Set 4 · WASH 24-24 OKLA · WASH 66% → 79%
02
Maija HowseKill+11.2%
Kill by Maija Howse (set by Kaitlyn Nguyen)
Set 4 · WASH 25-24 OKLA · WASH 79% → 90%
03
Tekoa BarnesAttack error+10.3%
Tekoa Barnes stuffed by Julia Hunt & Kylie Kleckner
Set 4 · WASH 26-24 OKLA · WASH 90% → 100%
04
Maija HowseAttack error+5.8%
Attack error by Maija Howse
Set 4 · WASH 20-23 OKLA · OKLA 32% → 38%
05
Alyssa FlackAttack error+5.0%
Alyssa Flack stuffed by Maija Howse & Julia Hunt
Set 4 · WASH 23-24 OKLA · WASH 61% → 66%
06
Simona MateskaKill+4.9%
Kill by Simona Mateska (set by Kylie Kleckner)
Set 4 · WASH 18-19 OKLA · WASH 69% → 74%
07
Alyssa FlackKill+4.7%
Kill by Alyssa Flack (set by Avaya Maga)
Set 4 · WASH 20-22 OKLA · OKLA 27% → 32%
08
Carley ButlerKill+4.3%
Kill by Carley Butler (set by Avaya Maga)
Set 4 · WASH 19-21 OKLA · OKLA 26% → 31%

Official NCAA box

Box score

Washingtonaway

Player	S	K	E	TA	Hit%	AST	SA	SE	DIG	RE	BS	BA	BLK	PTS
5Simona MateskaOH	4	16	7	34	.265	1	0	1	4	0	0	1	0.5	16.5
31Maija HowseOH	4	15	3	37	.324	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	16
2Julia HuntMB	4	9	2	13	.538	0	1	0	2	0	1	5	3.5	13.5
7Kylie KlecknerOH	4	7	3	24	.167	3	1	1	13	0	0	2	1	9
6Andrea FabikovicovaS	4	5	2	9	.333	40	0	0	5	0	0	2	1	6
12Katy WesselsMB	4	1	3	9	-.222	0	0	0	3	0	0	2	1	2
1Addy AzavedoL/DS	4	0	0	0	–	1	0	3	4	0	0	0	0	0
23Kaitlyn NguyenL/DS	4	0	0	0	–	5	0	1	21	0	0	0	0	0
10Addie KanouffOH	1	1	0	2	.500	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
14Lily Mae BuerkleS	1	0	0	0	–	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Team totals		54	20	128	.266	52	3	6	52	1	1	14	8	95

Oklahomahome

Player	S	K	E	TA	Hit%	AST	SA	SE	DIG	RE	BS	BA	BLK	PTS
3Tekoa BarnesOH	4	14	11	39	.077	1	0	4	11	0	0	3	1.5	15.5
12Elise HaniMB	4	11	0	20	.550	0	0	1	1	0	1	4	3	14
15Alaleh TolliverOH	4	9	4	30	.167	0	0	0	6	0	0	2	1	10
11Avaya MagaS	4	1	0	1	1.000	41	0	0	9	0	0	0	0	1
16Aniya WarrenL/DS	4	0	0	0	–	1	1	2	10	0	0	0	0	1
14Ada AwaguMB	3	5	1	16	.250	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	5
19Alyssa FlackOH	4	8	5	29	.103	0	0	2	0	0	1	1	1.5	9.5
4Kinsley SingletonL/DS	4	0	0	0	–	8	0	1	8	1	0	0	0	0
6McKenna BrandL/DS	4	0	0	0	–	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	0	0
0Mari KingOH	3	3	1	4	.500	0	0	1	2	1	0	0	0	3
8Carley ButlerMB	1	4	1	7	.429	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
21DaMya MannS	1	0	0	0	–	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Team totals		55	23	146	.219	51	1	13	49	3	2	10	7	83

Starters listed first. BLK = BS + ½ BA. The box score is the source for every counting stat on this page.

Point differential by rally

Momentum

Longest run 6 WASH · OKLA 5

Set 1

25-18

Longest run 4 WASHOKLA 3

Set 2

19-25

Longest run 4 WASHOKLA 5

Set 3

25-16

Longest run 4 WASHOKLA 2

Set 4

26-24

Longest run 6 WASHOKLA 5

Bars above the line = Oklahoma leads, below = Washington leads. Bright bars are points inside a run of 3+.

Sideout and break % by rotation slot

Rotations

Washington

Slot	Sideout %	Break %
1	61%11/18	36%5/14
2	63%10/16	27%4/15
3	62%8/13	56%10/18
4	80%8/10	50%8/16
5	73%8/11	50%8/16
6	50%8/16	47%7/15
All	63%53/84	45%42/94

Oklahoma

Slot	Sideout %	Break %
1	69%11/16	50%9/18
2	83%10/12	31%5/16
3	35%8/23	40%6/15
4	62%8/13	38%5/13
5	53%8/15	27%3/11
6	47%7/15	27%3/11
All	55%52/94	37%31/84

Slot = rotations since the start of the set (slot 1 is the lineup a team opened the set in), not a fixed player alignment. Only clean sets count (4 of 4 here): sets where the NCAA play-by-play has gaps or score corrections are left out because the rotation can't be tracked through them.

178 rallies

Rally log

#	WASH-OKLA	Srv	Point	End	Player	Setter / blockers / passer	WP Δ
Set 1
1	0-1	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Kinsley Singleton	+2.5
2	1-1	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes		+1.5
3	1-2	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Kinsley Singleton	+1.6
4	2-2	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.6
5	3-2	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Julia Hunt, Kylie Kleckner	+2.5
6	3-3	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Simona Mateska		+1.6
7	4-3	OKLA	WASH×4	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.6
8	5-3	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Kaitlyn Nguyen	+2.4
9	6-3	WASH	WASH×4	Attack err	Alyssa Flack		+2.2
10	7-3	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.9
11	7-4	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Avaya Maga	+1.1
12	8-4	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Andrea Fabikovicova	set Addy Azavedo	+1.2
13	8-5	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Avaya Maga	+1.1
14	9-5	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.2
15	10-5	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes		+1.6
16	10-6	WASH	OKLA×3	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+0.9
17	10-7	OKLA	OKLA×3	Attack err	Katy Wessels		+1.7
18	10-8	OKLA	OKLA×3	Attack err	Simona Mateska	blk Tekoa Barnes, Elise Hani	+2.2
19	11-8	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.5
20	11-9	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Simona Mateska	blk Tekoa Barnes, Elise Hani, Alaleh Tolliver	+1.4
21	11-10	OKLA	OKLA	Attack err	Maija Howse		+2.7
22	12-10	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.8
23	13-10	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Alaleh Tolliver		+2.6
24	13-11	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Ada Awagu	set Avaya Maga	+1.5
25	14-11	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.7
26	14-12	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Ada Awagu	set Avaya Maga	+1.5
27	15-12	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.7
28	16-12	WASH	WASH	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.3
29	16-13	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Simona Mateska		+1.1
30	17-13	OKLA	WASH×4	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.4
31	18-13	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Andrea Fabikovicova	set Kylie Kleckner	+1.6
32	19-13	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.0
33	20-13	WASH	WASH×4	Attack err	Alyssa Flack		+0.6
34	20-14	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+0.2
35	21-14	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.3
36	22-14	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Katy Wessels, Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.2
37	22-15	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Kylie Kleckner		+0.0
38	23-15	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+0.1
39	23-16	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Simona Mateska	blk Tekoa Barnes, Elise Hani, Alaleh Tolliver	+0.0
40	23-17	OKLA	OKLA	Attack err	Katy Wessels		+0.1
41	24-17	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Kaitlyn Nguyen	+0.1
42	24-18	WASH	OKLA	Serve err	WASH server		+0.0
43	25-18	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+0.0
Set 2
1	0-1	WASH	OKLA×3	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Kinsley Singleton	+1.4
2	0-2	OKLA	OKLA×3	Ace	OKLA server	aced Team	+2.2
3	0-3	OKLA	OKLA×3	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+2.2
4	1-3	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.3
5	1-4	WASH	OKLA×3	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+1.4
6	1-5	OKLA	OKLA×3	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Simona Mateska	+2.2
7	1-6	OKLA	OKLA×3	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+2.0
8	2-6	OKLA	WASH×4	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.1
9	3-6	WASH	WASH×4	Bad set	Avaya Maga		+1.9
10	4-6	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.1
11	5-6	WASH	WASH×4	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes		+2.3
12	5-7	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Kinsley Singleton	+1.6
13	6-7	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.4
14	6-8	WASH	OKLA	Serve err	WASH server		+1.6
15	7-8	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Andrea Fabikovicova	set Kaitlyn Nguyen	+1.5
16	7-9	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Avaya Maga	+1.7
17	8-9	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.5
18	8-10	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+1.7
19	8-11	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+2.6
20	9-11	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Lily Mae Buerkle	+1.5
21	10-11	WASH	WASH	Ace	WASH server	aced Kinsley Singleton	+2.6
22	10-12	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+1.9
23	10-13	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Mari King		+2.8
24	11-13	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.5
25	11-14	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Mari King	set Avaya Maga	+1.9
26	12-14	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.5
27	12-15	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.9
28	13-15	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.6
29	13-16	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Ada Awagu	set Avaya Maga	+2.0
30	14-16	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.6
31	15-16	WASH	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+3.0
32	15-17	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Kinsley Singleton	+2.3
33	16-17	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Andrea Fabikovicova	set Kaitlyn Nguyen	+2.0
34	17-17	WASH	WASH	Ace	WASH server	aced Mari King	+3.6
35	17-18	WASH	OKLA×5	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Kinsley Singleton	+2.5
36	17-19	OKLA	OKLA×5	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+4.0
37	17-20	OKLA	OKLA×5	Attack err	Katy Wessels		+3.6
38	17-21	OKLA	OKLA×5	Attack err	Kylie Kleckner		+2.8
39	17-22	OKLA	OKLA×5	Attack err	Simona Mateska		+1.7
40	18-22	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Addie Kanouff	set Lily Mae Buerkle	+0.5
41	18-23	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Tekoa Barnes	+1.0
42	18-24	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes		+0.5
43	19-24	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.1
44	19-25	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Mari King	set Avaya Maga	+0.2
Set 3
1	1-0	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Mari King		+2.0
2	2-0	WASH	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+3.1
3	2-1	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Avaya Maga	+2.0
4	3-1	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.0
5	4-1	WASH	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.9
6	4-2	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Avaya Maga	+1.8
7	4-3	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Kinsley Singleton	+3.2
8	5-3	OKLA	WASH×3	Attack err	Ada Awagu		+2.1
9	6-3	WASH	WASH×3	Bad set	Avaya Maga		+3.0
10	7-3	WASH	WASH×3	Attack err	Alaleh Tolliver	blk Maija Howse, Julia Hunt	+2.7
11	7-4	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Avaya Maga	+1.5
12	7-5	OKLA	OKLA	Attack err	Julia Hunt		+2.9
13	8-5	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.0
14	8-6	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Ada Awagu	set Avaya Maga	+1.9
15	8-7	OKLA	OKLA	Attack err	Julia Hunt	blk Alyssa Flack, Elise Hani	+3.5
16	9-7	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+2.3
17	9-8	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+2.3
18	10-8	OKLA	WASH×4	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.4
19	11-8	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+3.4
20	12-8	WASH	WASH×4	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Katy Wessels, Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.9
21	13-8	WASH	WASH×4	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.3
22	13-9	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.2
23	14-9	OKLA	WASH×3	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.5
24	15-9	WASH	WASH×3	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.7
25	16-9	WASH	WASH×3	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.1
26	16-10	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+0.5
27	16-11	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.1
28	17-11	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Alaleh Tolliver		+1.0
29	17-12	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Ada Awagu	set Avaya Maga	+0.7
30	18-12	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.0
31	19-12	WASH	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.9
32	19-13	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Avaya Maga	set Aniya Warren	+0.3
33	20-13	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+0.5
34	21-13	WASH	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.4
35	21-14	WASH	OKLA	Serve err	WASH server		+0.1
36	21-15	OKLA	OKLA	Attack err	Andrea Fabikovicova	blk Elise Hani	+0.3
37	22-15	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.3
38	23-15	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes		+0.2
39	23-16	WASH	OKLA	Serve err	WASH server		+0.0
40	24-16	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.1
41	25-16	WASH	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes		+0.0
Set 4
1	0-1	WASH	OKLA	Attack err	Maija Howse	blk Alyssa Flack	+1.9
2	1-1	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Katy Wessels	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.8
3	1-2	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Carley Butler	set Avaya Maga	+2.0
4	1-3	OKLA	OKLA	Bad set	Andrea Fabikovicova		+3.2
5	2-3	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.9
6	2-4	WASH	OKLA×5	Serve err	WASH server		+2.1
7	2-5	OKLA	OKLA×5	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+3.3
8	2-6	OKLA	OKLA×5	Attack err	Kylie Kleckner		+3.2
9	2-7	OKLA	OKLA×5	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Avaya Maga	+2.9
10	2-8	OKLA	OKLA×5	Attack err	Andrea Fabikovicova		+2.6
11	3-8	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.3
12	3-9	WASH	OKLA	Serve err	WASH server		+1.7
13	3-10	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Kinsley Singleton	+2.1
14	4-10	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Julia Hunt	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.0
15	5-10	WASH	WASH	Ace	WASH server	aced Team	+2.0
16	5-11	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.6
17	5-12	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.1
18	6-12	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.9
19	7-12	WASH	WASH	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Kylie Kleckner	+1.9
20	7-13	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.6
21	7-14	OKLA	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Avaya Maga	+2.0
22	8-14	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Andrea Fabikovicova	set Simona Mateska	+0.8
23	8-15	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Alaleh Tolliver	set Avaya Maga	+1.2
24	9-15	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Alyssa Flack		+0.8
25	9-16	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Carley Butler	set Avaya Maga	+1.2
26	10-16	OKLA	WASH	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+0.7
27	10-17	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+1.1
28	11-17	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Julia Hunt	+0.6
29	12-17	WASH	WASH	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+1.5
30	12-18	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Tekoa Barnes	set Avaya Maga	+1.4
31	13-18	OKLA	WASH×3	Serve err	OKLA server		+0.9
32	14-18	WASH	WASH×3	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Julia Hunt, Simona Mateska	+2.0
33	15-18	WASH	WASH×3	Attack err	Alaleh Tolliver		+2.8
34	15-19	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Elise Hani	set Avaya Maga	+2.6
35	16-19	OKLA	WASH×3	Serve err	OKLA server		+1.7
36	17-19	WASH	WASH×3	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+3.8
37	18-19	WASH	WASH×3	Kill	Simona Mateska	set Kylie Kleckner	+4.9
38	18-20	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Carley Butler	set Avaya Maga	+4.0
39	19-20	OKLA	WASH	Serve err	OKLA server		+3.2
40	19-21	WASH	OKLA	Kill	Carley Butler	set Avaya Maga	+4.3
41	20-21	OKLA	WASH	Attack err	Carley Butler		+3.3
42	20-22	WASH	OKLA×3	Kill	Alyssa Flack	set Avaya Maga	+4.7
43	20-23	OKLA	OKLA×3	Attack err	Maija Howse		+5.8
44	20-24	OKLA	OKLA×3	Attack err	Simona Mateska		+3.2
45	21-24	OKLA	WASH×6	Attack err	Alyssa Flack		+0.5
46	22-24	WASH	WASH×6	Kill	Maija Howse	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+2.0
47	23-24	WASH	WASH×6	Attack err	Alyssa Flack	blk Maija Howse, Julia Hunt	+5.0
48	24-24	WASH	WASH×6	Kill	Kylie Kleckner	set Andrea Fabikovicova	+12.2
49	25-24	WASH	WASH×6	Kill	Maija Howse	set Kaitlyn Nguyen	+11.2
50	26-24	WASH	WASH×6	Attack err	Tekoa Barnes	blk Julia Hunt, Kylie Kleckner	+10.3

Score shown after each rally, Washington first. WP Δ = match win-probability points gained, colored by the team that gained them. “Feed gap” rows fill points the NCAA play-by-play never logged.